Causes of Idiopathic Endolymphatic Hydrops
While the precise cause of idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops is currently unknown, scientists have a few ideas. One of the primary theories is it's tied to a rupture of the Reissner's Membrane, a thin cell membrane within the cochlea, a spiral-shaped cavity in the inner ear involved in hearing. When this membrane ruptures, a liquid known as potassium-poor perilymph leaks out, leading to increased pressure in the inner ear.
Viral infections may be another cause of the disease, as they often result in inflammation and excess fluids.
Idiopathic Endolymphatic Hydrops Treatment
Currently, there is no known cure for idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops, as scientists are still attempting to pinpoint the exact cause.
However, treatments do exist, both for during an attack and as preventative measures. First, because dizziness and nausea are the most common symptoms, anti-vertigo and anti-nausea medication can be prescribed to a patient. A doctor may also prescribe a drug such as gentamycin to deactivate the vestibular apparatus, which may put an end to the patient's vertigo - this may, however, adversely impact the patient's hearing.
For more advanced cases, surgery may be an option. In some cases, severing the patient's balance nerve can put a permanent end to vertigo. Another common treatment is known as a sacculotomy, which involves poking a tiny opening into part of the inner ear to relieve pressure.
Although a permanent cure does not exist, a healthy lifestyle goes a long way towards improving the condition and helping a patient live with idiopathic endolymphatic hydrops. Many people coping with the illness have reduced the frequency and severity of attacks by avoiding cigarettes, eating low sodium/high-potassium foods, and avoiding stressful situations. Regular exercise, balance training, and meditation may also be helpful.